10,000 BC8,000 BC6,000 BC4,000 BC2,000 BC0 AD2,000 ADAgricultural RevolutionFirst cities and kingdomsWriting and bureaucracyBronze Age city-states and trade networksAkkadian Empire (Sargon)Bronze Age “international order”Late Bronze Age collapseIron Age kingdoms and expansionGreek city-states and public debateRoman RepublicCoinage becomes commonPersian imperial orderBuddhismHellenistic worldHan DynastyRoman imperial order (Mediterranean world)ChristianityGupta EmpireByzantine EmpireIslamAbbasid Caliphate and translation-era scholarshipViking AgeMongol EmpireRenaissanceTudor RuleScientific RevolutionBaroque arts and spectacleEdo (Tokugawa) PeriodEnlightenmentFrench RevolutionNapoleonic WarsIndustrialization and the rise of the modern state-market worldMass production, electricity, and fossil-fuel accelerationModernismWorld War IWorld War IICold WarPostmodernismInternet Era